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As women approach perimenopause, a significant change occurs in melatonin levels, the hormone responsible for regulating sleep. This decline becomes more pronounced during menopause. In addition, perimenopause often introduces increased stress, which can further disrupt sleep patterns. Estrogen fluctuations during this time can also impact the brain areas that manage temperature, leading to hot flashes and night sweats — factors that contribute to poor sleep quality and frequent awakenings.
Anxiety and mood changes
During perimenopause, many women experience notable mood variations, such as irritability and frustration, according to Dr. Horst. These transitions may stem from fluctuations in estrogen, which can exacerbate mood disorders and related mental health issues. Women in their 40s often juggle multiple responsibilities, including demanding careers, financial pressures, and caregiving for both children and elderly parents. With the added strain of current social and political climate issues, it’s no wonder many feel overwhelmed. Dr. Adams highlights that the constant influx of stressors, from daily routines to broader societal challenges, creates a relentless cycle of tension for women during this life stage.
Joint and muscle pain
Unexplained joint pain or muscle cramps are often reported by women undergoing perimenopause. Research indicates that over 70% of these women encounter musculoskeletal pain, with many experiencing tightness and stiffness as well. Dr. Horst notes that patients frequently describe discomfort in their feet, particularly during morning activities. This increase in pain is linked to declining estrogen levels, which affect collagen in skin and joints, causing inflammation and reducing joint lubrication. A drop in estrogen can also weaken bones and lead to conditions like osteoporosis, making pain and weakness in muscles more prevalent.
Dry hair, skin, and eyes
As estrogen levels fall, women may see changes in the hydration and texture of their skin and hair, leading to increased dryness. Collagen and moisture—vital for maintaining skin elasticity and hair fullness—are diminished, resulting in conditions like thinning hair and dry skin. Dr. Adams states that hormonal shifts can cause dryness in multiple areas, including the eyes, mouth, and vagina. The production of the protective fluid in the eyes relies on sex hormones; thus, imbalances can lead to discomfort and a higher incidence of dry eye syndrome, which, according to research, is nearly double in women over 50 compared to their male counterparts. If you notice changes in your appearance or feel unusually dry in various areas, these symptoms could be indicative of perimenopause.
Heart palpitations
Fluctuating estrogen levels can also disrupt heart rate regulation and cholesterol maintenance, potentially leading to heart palpitations. Dr. Adams notes that women without previous heart issues may suddenly experience irregular or rapid heartbeats, often mistaken for signs of a heart attack or panic attack. While these palpitations are typically benign, it is critical to consult a healthcare provider whenever you experience cardiovascular symptoms to ensure there are no underlying health concerns.
Pain during sex
Pain during sexual intercourse is a symptom many women associate with perimenopause and menopause, primarily due to vaginal dryness and skin changes. The vagina’s responsiveness to estrogen decreases with low hormone levels, reducing moisture and elasticity, which can result in discomfort, particularly during penetration. Topical estrogen creams are often recommended as a solution for alleviating these unpleasant symptoms related to hormonal changes.
How to treat perimenopause symptoms
If you are in your 40s and beginning to notice changes in your body or mood, it is advisable to consult with your doctor. However, it is important to recognize that not all healthcare providers, even gynecologists, may have extensive knowledge about menopause. To assist, The Menopause Society provides an online resource designed to help locate certified menopause practitioners in your area.
Source
www.self.com