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In the rich tradition of Polynesian voyaging, navigators possess an innate ability to read the signs of nature that indicate where to venture next. Disney’s Moana, released in 2016, illustrated this connection to the environment beautifully.
Lehua Kamalu, the Program Director and Captain of the Polynesian Voyaging Society, described her initial encounter with the Hōkūleʻa, a meticulously crafted replica of an ancient double-hulled voyaging canoe. Originally built in the 1970s, this vessel has traveled thousands of nautical miles, connecting modern voyagers to a storied past.
“The moment I stepped on board Hōkūleʻa, I felt a deep connection to the people and the culture,” Kamalu shared in an interview with Popular Science. “It’s an experience that leaves you captivated almost instantly.”
[Related: Recent research confirms the historic maritime feats of Polynesian navigators.]
Kamalu has also contributed as an advisor on the upcoming sequel to the original film, Moana 2. Though her foundation in wayfinding began in her childhood in Hawai’i through formal education, it wasn’t until she joined the crew of Hōkūleʻa that she experienced this traditional navigation technique firsthand. Over the last 15 years, she has sailed the same ocean routes that Polynesian ancestors navigated centuries ago.
“It’s about tuning in to what’s happening around you—reading the stars, and understanding how the weather influences navigation,” explained Kamalu.
The upcoming feature film Moana 2 sees Moana (voiced by Auli‘i Cravalho) embark on a perilous adventure inspired by her ancestors’ wayfinding legacy. Directed by David Derrick Jr. and produced by a talented team, the film is set for release in theaters on November 27, 2024.
Exploring the Art of Wayfinding
Wayfinding entails understanding one’s environment to navigate effectively from one place to another. Both humans and animals demonstrate this skill; for instance, pets often find their way home and certain species migrate following instinctive paths. This involves a conscious awareness of one’s surroundings.
While navigation is often viewed as a technical skill, it is informed by an understanding of the natural world. Polynesian voyagers skillfully chart their courses using celestial bodies, wind patterns, cloud formations, and marine life—without the aid of modern navigational tools.
“Understanding how a vessel is built and where its design features come into play is fundamental,” Kamalu noted. “You learn how the sail reacts to the ocean’s movements.”
Crew members actively engage in the maintenance and assembly of these traditional canoes, which are primarily constructed from wood and durable ropes. These vessels draw parallels with modern catamarans, yet they are void of the synthetic materials that characterize contemporary designs. Familiarity with the canoe’s structure is essential for ensuring safety at sea.
“In Hawaii, we are surrounded by open ocean; there aren’t sheltered lagoons. Once you’re on the water, you’re truly navigating the vast seas,” Kamalu said.
Utilizing Celestial Navigation
Nighttime navigation is a universal aspect of voyaging, as stars serve as natural waypoints. Navigators study celestial movements to ascertain their position relative to the ocean and their intended destination. In the Northern Hemisphere, the presence of the North Star becomes a critical reference point.
“Navigating effectively requires crafting a mental map of the world in which you operate,” Kamalu commented.
Scorpius, known as Maui’s fish hook, is a prominent constellation that honors the demigod Maui and is depicted in the film. This celestial figure has historically guided voyagers across the Pacific.
Kamalu emphasized the importance of accuracy in representing this constellation in Moana 2. “These are actual stars in our sky, not part of a fabricated realm. You can step outside and recognize the same celestial bodies,” she stated.
Reading Natural Signs
During the day, voyagers shift their attention to environmental cues. The appearance of certain cloud types may signify approaching weather changes, while shifts in wind and water current patterns can indicate nearby land. Animals play a crucial role in this natural navigation.
“Animals possess an innate ability to navigate, often leading voyagers toward land. Knowing which species to observe can be pivotal in our journey,” noted Kamalu. “Nature provides endless clues if you know how to look.”
By learning to interpret the collective language of water, stars, wind, and wildlife, voyagers develop a holistic understanding that is mirrored in the synergy required among crew members.
The new film, Moana 2, showcases Moana’s journey into uncharted territories and her exploration of the intricate ties to her heritage. Anticipated for theaters on November 27, 2024, the film brings together a talented crew and musical contributions from industry-recognized artists.
Embracing the Navigational Spirit
The communal aspect of voyaging, both in the film and real life, underscores the significance of the people involved. Wayfinding connects individuals to experiences on Earth that many may never encounter.
A pivotal moment from the first film reflects this connection: Moana’s grandmother, who appears as a bioluminescent stingray, guides her through her struggles. According to Kamalu, this moment encapsulates the essence of support and heritage within wayfinding.
“While we often focus on the technicalities, it’s crucial to remember the emotional connections and the communities behind the journey. The reminders of family and ancestors provide strength in challenging moments,” Kamalu reflected.
With Moana 2 now playing in theaters, audiences can look forward to continuing Moana’s story and the valuable lessons of connection, navigation, and heritage it brings to light.
Source
www.popsci.com