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Measles Outbreak in the U.S.: What You Need to Know
A recent measles outbreak in the United States has escalated, with nearly 100 confirmed cases, predominantly among unvaccinated children and teenagers in Texas. Additionally, nine cases have emerged in New Mexico, raising concerns about public health and safety.
The Texas health department reported 16 hospitalizations attributed to the outbreak as of February 21, highlighting the severe consequences of measles infections, which can lead to serious complications affecting the lungs and brain, potentially resulting in cognitive impairment, hearing loss, or even death.
Measles is one of the most contagious diseases known, yet the vaccination—typically administered as part of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine—has proven to be both effective and safe. Most individuals who receive it in early childhood develop lifelong immunity, though some may benefit from an additional booster shot.
Dr. Céline Gounder, a medical contributor for CBS News and public health editor at KFF Health News, emphasized on “CBS Mornings” that the necessity for a booster depends on one’s age and vaccination history. She pointed out that individuals born after 1957, who were vaccinated before 1968, might not have strong immunity due to the use of less effective vaccines during that period.
Furthermore, there are various other groups that could benefit from receiving a booster. Dr. Gounder shared her personal experience of getting boosted due to her work in healthcare and international settings, where measles was prevalent.
Vaccination Schedule for Measles
The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests that children receive their first dose of the MMR vaccine between 12 to 15 months of age. Dr. Gounder noted that this timing is crucial because, by this age, maternal antibodies that provide initial immunity have diminished, allowing the vaccine to be effective.
The second dose is generally recommended for children aged 4 to 6 years. Dr. Gounder emphasized that one dose offers 95% effectiveness, while two doses increase that to 97%. Although it is not foolproof, it offers substantial protection against the virus.
In the absence of vaccination, the consequences can be dire. Statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicate that about 1 in 5 unvaccinated individuals infected with measles will require hospitalization, and up to 3 out of every 1,000 children who contract the virus may die.
What to Do If You’re Unsure About Your Vaccination Status
If you are uncertain about your measles vaccination history, Dr. Gounder advises starting by trying to locate your vaccination records. However, if records are unavailable, she suggests that receiving an extra dose poses no risk, as no confirmation through blood tests is necessary. “If you’re in doubt, just get a booster,” she stated.
Who Should Avoid the Measles Booster?
Dr. Gounder cautioned that certain individuals, particularly those who are immunocompromised, should refrain from receiving the MMR vaccine, as it is a live vaccine. Additionally, people with specific life-threatening allergies are advised against it as well, per the CDC recommendations.
The CDC also suggests that some groups wait before receiving the vaccine, including pregnant women, individuals who have had recent blood transfusions, those who received other vaccinations shortly before, and those who are severely ill. Consulting with a healthcare provider is essential to determine vaccination eligibility based on individual health circumstances.
Source
www.cbsnews.com