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FLUID, an innovative open-source robot designed for 3D printing, presents an economical and customizable approach to automated material synthesis, thereby making advanced research more attainable for a wider range of scientists.
Under the leadership of Professor Keisuke Takahashi from Hokkaido University’s Faculty of Science, a dedicated team of researchers has developed FLUID (Flowing Liquid Utilizing Interactive Device). This robotic system is uniquely constructed using 3D printing technology along with readily available electronic components.
To illustrate the effectiveness of FLUID, the research team successfully employed the robot to automate the co-precipitation of cobalt and nickel, achieving remarkable precision and efficiency in generating binary materials. Mikael Kuwahara, the primary author of the study, remarked, “Utilizing an open-source approach, combined with a 3D printer and off-the-shelf electronic parts, has enabled us to create a functional robot tailored to specific needs at a significantly lower cost than traditional commercial robots.”
The architecture of FLUID consists of four independent modules. Each module is equipped with a syringe, two valves, a servo motor for valve operation, and a stepper motor that accurately controls the syringe plunger. Additionally, every module is fitted with an end-stop sensor to detect when the syringe is filled to its maximum capacity. These modules connect to microcontroller boards that are commanded via USB from a computer. The accompanying software allows users to manage the robot’s operations, including adjustments to valves and syringe movements, while offering real-time updates and sensor feedback.
In a bid to foster innovation, the researchers have made the design files publicly accessible, enabling scientists worldwide to replicate or modify FLUID to fit their experimental requirements. By offering an open-source, 3D-printable alternative to high-priced commercial robots, FLUID is poised to empower a more extensive network of researchers to engage in automated experimentation within the materials science domain.
This advancement holds particular significance for researchers in resource-challenged environments or for those concentrating on specialized fields where commercial solutions may be scarce or prohibitively expensive. Thanks to its adaptable design and reliance on accessible components, scientists can pursue complex experiments without needing substantial financial resources.
“Our goal is to democratize the automation of material synthesis, providing an efficient and affordable solution that can spur innovation in materials science,” announced Takahashi.
As for future developments, the team intends to incorporate additional sensors that will monitor various parameters, including temperature and pH levels. This enhancement aims to broaden the robot’s capacity to accommodate a more diverse range of chemical reactions, such as polymer mixing and organic synthesis. Upcoming software updates will also introduce features like macro recording for repetitive tasks and improved data logging capabilities, which aim to enhance experimental reproducibility and facilitate better data analysis.
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