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At the University of Galway, two undergraduate students specializing in medicine have spearheaded a significant research project focusing on the intersection of diabetes treatments and dementia risk. This study delves into cardioprotective glucose-lowering therapies, which are known to help manage blood sugar levels and mitigate heart disease risks in diabetic patients.
The findings of this extensive research have been published in JAMA Neurology.
In this comprehensive analysis, the team conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis encompassing 26 clinical trials, which collectively involved over 160,000 participants.
The results of their investigation revealed that, while many glucose-lowering medications did not show a marked decline in dementia risk, a specific category of drug known as GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1Ras) exhibited a notable association with a reduced risk.
This research initiative was led by medical students Allie Seminer and Alfredi Mulihano, in collaboration with researchers affiliated with the University of Galway, the HRB Clinical Research Facility Galway, and University Hospital Galway.
Key Findings:
- The study analyzed data from 26 randomized controlled trials with a total of 164,531 participants.
- Overall, glucose-lowering therapies did not substantially affect dementia risk, but GLP-1 receptor agonists were associated with a 45% reduction in the risk of developing dementia.
- This research sheds light on the potential implications of diabetes medications on cognitive health over time.
Dr. Catriona Reddin, the senior author and a researcher at the University of Galway, highlighted the significance of their findings, stating, “This research represents a crucial addition to our knowledge regarding how specific diabetes medications can influence brain health. Given that diabetes is a recognized risk factor for dementia, the potential role of glucose-lowering therapies in preventing cognitive decline has previously remained ambiguous. Our results imply that GLP-1 receptor agonists may offer protective benefits for brain health.”
Professor Martin O’Donnell, who serves as the Dean of the College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences at University of Galway and is also a Consultant Stroke Physician with HSE West North-West, noted the public health relevance of this study, especially considering the rising incidence of both diabetes and dementia. “The implications of these findings are particularly pertinent for dementia prevention strategies,” he remarked.
He added, “What adds to the excitement of this study for our College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences is that it was led by two undergraduate students. We prioritize research as a fundamental aspect of our medical education, allowing students to participate in impactful studies that can influence global healthcare practices.”
Source
www.sciencedaily.com