Photo credit: www.foxnews.com
Recent analysis of wastewater samples has indicated increased levels of a respiratory virus known as enterovirus D68, which has been associated with cases of paralysis in children. This has prompted concerns about a potential rise in infections across the United States, as reported by WastewaterSCAN.
Enterovirus D68 is classified among more than a hundred non-polio enteroviruses, according to the Cleveland Clinic. Despite its commonality, the occurrence of severe neurological complications remains relatively low.
LATEST COVID VARIANT, XEC, HAS SPREAD TO HALF OF US STATES, REPORTS SAY
“This virus tends to circulate during the summer, similar to its related enteroviruses, but it specifically causes significant problems,” explained Dr. Sharon Nachman, who heads the division of pediatric infectious diseases at Stony Brook Children’s Hospital in New York. “It can affect the nerves and potentially lead to paralysis in the spinal cord.”
Dr. Nachman noted that the virus has cyclical patterns, experiencing “on” and “off” years, and recent wastewater findings suggest that this year is leaning toward an “on” period.
Understanding Wastewater Surveillance
WastewaterSCAN is a nonprofit organization based at Stanford University and in collaboration with Emory University, dedicated to monitoring sewage samples for infectious diseases across the nation. This initiative serves as an early warning system for public health officials, with data also shared with the CDC’s National Wastewater Surveillance System (NWSS).
The utilization of wastewater samples offers an effective method for tracing the circulation of viruses even before clinical symptoms are observed. “Wastewater serves as a reliable indicator of whether a virus is present in the community,” Dr. Nachman emphasized.
As of September 21, WastewaterSCAN reported moderate levels of enterovirus D68 in sewage, with 306 of 400 samples testing positive over the preceding ten days.
Symptoms and Associated Complications
For most individuals, infections with enterovirus D68 produce mild respiratory symptoms akin to a cold, including nasal congestion, cough, fever, body aches, and sore throat. However, in rare instances, it can lead to serious complications such as acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), a condition that can severely affect the nervous system.
AFM is characterized by muscle weakness in the limbs, difficulties swallowing, drooping eyelids, and in extreme cases, paralysis. “Although AFM is infrequent, it is a serious condition that can resemble polio and pose significant risks to children,” Dr. Aaron Glatt, chief of infectious diseases at Mount Sinai South Nassau in New York, remarked.
While most paralysis resulting from EV-D68 is temporary and responds well to physical therapy, Dr. Nachman reassured that permanent paralysis is exceedingly rare.
Individuals particularly vulnerable to complications include infants, children, and teenagers, especially those with underlying respiratory issues like asthma. In the U.S., cases of EV-D68 commonly spike during the summer and fall seasons, as indicated by the CDC.
Preventative Measures and Treatment Options
The transmission of enterovirus D68 generally occurs through person-to-person contact via coughing, sneezing, or touching contaminated surfaces. To mitigate the spread, Dr. Nachman recommends that children refrain from sharing drinks and utensils. Other proactive measures include regular disinfection of frequently touched surfaces, practicing good hand hygiene, and keeping sick children at home.
Parents should be vigilant for signs of symptoms such as weakness in the legs or difficulty walking, which could signal infection. They are advised to consult a pediatrician if any concerning symptoms arise.
“The pediatrician who knows your child is often a better resource than an urgent care center unfamiliar with their history,” Dr. Nachman suggested.
For severe symptoms like trouble breathing, confusion, or noticeable weakness, immediate medical intervention is essential. Diagnosing enterovirus D68 may involve blood tests, lumbar punctures, or MRIs, while ruling out flu and COVID-19 is also necessary.
No vaccine is available for enterovirus D68, and there are no specific antiviral treatments. Management generally revolves around supportive care and physical therapy tailored to address any muscle weakness that may develop.
Currently, the CDC has not released any official statements or health alerts concerning EV-D68.
In summary, heightened awareness and preventative practices can help manage the potential rise in cases linked to enterovirus D68, especially as communities navigate this respiratory virus season.
Source
www.foxnews.com